What Is Juneteenth And Why Do We Celebrate It
The Origins Of Juneteenth
The origins of Juneteenth trace back to June 19, 1865, a pivotal day in American history. On this day, Major General Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston, Texas, and announced the end of the Civil War and the emancipation of enslaved African Americans. This proclamation came more than two years after President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation had legally freed slaves in Confederate states on January 1, 1863. [Sources: 0, 1, 2]
The delay was due to the minimal presence of Union troops in Texas to enforce the order and the resistance from slaveholders. [Sources: 3]
Juneteenth— a portmanteau of "June" and "nineteenth"— thus became a symbol of delayed justice and freedom. Initially celebrated by freed African Americans with church services, communal gatherings, food festivals, and educational events, it represented both a triumph over adversity and an enduring struggle for civil rights. [Sources: 4, 5]
Despite its significance among Black communities, Juneteenth remained relatively obscure on the national stage for many years. It wasn’t until recent decades that awareness began to grow more broadly. The momentum surged particularly in light of contemporary movements advocating for racial equality and justice. As these issues have come into sharper focus, so too has recognition of Juneteenth as a critical moment in America’s collective history—a day not only to remember but also to honor progress and commit to ongoing change. [Sources: 6, 7, 8]
The Emancipation Proclamation And Its Impact
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, was a pivotal moment in American history. It declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states were to be set free. However, its immediate impact was limited; it applied only to the Confederate states that were in rebellion and not to the border states loyal to the Union or areas of the Confederacy already under Union control. [Sources: 0, 9, 10]
Despite these limitations, the proclamation fundamentally transformed the character of the Civil War by aligning it with a moral cause—ending slavery. [Sources: 11]
The Emancipation Proclamation also had significant international implications. It discouraged European nations from recognizing or supporting the Confederacy, as many countries had already abolished slavery and public opinion strongly favored emancipation. [Sources: 12, 13]
On a practical level, the proclamation allowed for the enlistment of African American soldiers into the Union Army. By war's end, nearly 200,000 Black soldiers and sailors had fought for their freedom and contributed significantly to Union victories. [Sources: 11, 14]
While it did not immediately free all enslaved individuals—that would come with Union victories and subsequent legal measures like the Thirteenth Amendment—the Emancipation Proclamation laid crucial groundwork for future progress toward racial equality. Its issuance marked a decisive step towards ending centuries of systemic oppression and dehumanization of Black Americans. [Sources: 11, 15]
The First Juneteenth Celebrations
The first Juneteenth celebrations took place in Texas on June 19, 1866, a year after the announcement of General Order No. 3 by Union Army General Gordon Granger, which proclaimed freedom for enslaved people in Texas. These initial gatherings were community-centered, marked by joyous festivities that included barbecues, music, and prayer services. Families reunited and communities came together to reflect on the monumental shift from enslavement to freedom. [Sources: 16, 17, 18, 19]
In these early years, Juneteenth was primarily celebrated in rural areas where freed African Americans had established themselves. The day was characterized by a deep sense of reflection and gratitude for newfound freedoms amidst an atmosphere of jubilation. Participants dressed in their finest clothing as a symbol of their liberation and newfound dignity. [Sources: 20, 21, 22]
As the years progressed, Juneteenth celebrations spread beyond Texas borders through the Great Migration when African Americans moved to other parts of the United States. Despite its growing recognition within Black communities nationwide, it remained largely unacknowledged by mainstream American society for decades. [Sources: 23, 24]
The significance of Juneteenth lies not only in its historical context but also in its role as a powerful reminder of resilience and hope against a backdrop of enduring systemic inequality. Today’s broader recognition echoes those first celebrations' spirit while acknowledging the ongoing journey toward racial justice. [Sources: 25, 26]
Why Juneteenth Was Overlooked For So Long
Juneteenth, marking the emancipation of enslaved African Americans in Texas on June 19, 1865, has often been overshadowed by other historical events and systemic neglect. One significant reason for its prolonged obscurity lies in the broader narrative of American history, which has frequently marginalized Black experiences and contributions. The dominant focus on Independence Day as the quintessential celebration of freedom left little room for recognizing a day that highlighted the nation's delayed promise of liberty for all its citizens. [Sources: 5, 27, 28]
Additionally, educational curricula across the United States have historically underrepresented or entirely omitted Black history, including Juneteenth. This lack of awareness perpetuated a cycle where generations grew up unaware of this critical milestone. Media representation also played a role; until recently, mainstream media rarely covered Juneteenth celebrations or their significance. [Sources: 26, 29]
Moreover, societal reluctance to confront uncomfortable truths about slavery and racism has contributed to Juneteenth's neglect. Acknowledging this day necessitates facing the painful legacy of slavery and its enduring impact on American society—a task many found easier to avoid. [Sources: 30, 31]
Only through persistent advocacy from Black communities and heightened awareness brought by recent social justice movements has Juneteenth begun to receive the recognition it deserves as a pivotal moment in American history. [Sources: 32]
The Modern Resurgence Of Juneteenth
The modern resurgence of Juneteenth can be attributed to a growing recognition of its historical significance and an increased awareness of racial injustice in the United States. This renewed interest gained momentum during the Black Lives Matter movement, which brought systemic racism and inequality to the forefront of national consciousness. The tragic deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and many others sparked widespread protests and urgent calls for social reform. [Sources: 15, 33, 34]
Amid this climate, Juneteenth emerged as a poignant symbol of freedom, resilience, and the ongoing struggle for equality. [Sources: 18]
Moreover, educational efforts have played a crucial role in revitalizing Juneteenth celebrations. Schools, media outlets, and social platforms have amplified stories about the holiday's origins and its importance in African American history. These initiatives have helped bridge gaps in public knowledge, prompting more people to acknowledge and celebrate Juneteenth. [Sources: 7, 35, 36]
Legislative actions also contributed to its resurgence. In June 2021, President Joe Biden signed a bill making Juneteenth a federal holiday. This official recognition not only validated the historical importance of June 19th but also encouraged broader participation across diverse communities. [Sources: 37, 38]
Ultimately, the modern resurgence of Juneteenth reflects a collective effort to honor African American heritage while striving for an inclusive future where freedom truly encompasses all citizens. [Sources: 5]
How We Celebrate Juneteenth Today
Juneteenth, celebrated annually on June 19th, has evolved from a day of informal community gatherings to a nationally recognized holiday. Today, the ways in which people celebrate Juneteenth are as varied and vibrant as the communities that honor it. In many cities and towns across the United States, parades and festivals are common, featuring local artists, musicians, and speakers who use their platforms to educate and inspire attendees about African American history and culture. [Sources: 39, 40, 41]
Public readings of the Emancipation Proclamation or works by prominent African American authors often take center stage at these events. These readings serve not only as a reminder of the historical significance of Juneteenth but also as a means to spark dialogue about ongoing issues related to racial equality. [Sources: 7, 42]
Family reunions are another cornerstone of modern Juneteenth celebrations. These gatherings typically include barbecues, picnics, and other communal meals where traditional Southern foods are shared. The act of coming together over food reflects both cultural heritage and the importance of family bonds. [Sources: 43, 44, 45]
Educational workshops and panel discussions have also become integral to contemporary observances. These sessions aim to inform participants about both historical context and current social justice initiatives. By combining celebration with education, Juneteenth serves as both a joyous occasion and a call to action for continued progress in racial equality. [Sources: 40, 46]
The Importance Of Recognizing Juneteenth Nationally
Recognizing Juneteenth on a national scale is more than just an acknowledgment of a historical event; it is a profound affirmation of the African American experience and resilience. Juneteenth, which commemorates the emancipation of the last enslaved African Americans in Galveston, Texas, on June 19, 1865, symbolizes freedom and justice deferred but ultimately achieved. By recognizing Juneteenth nationally, we honor the struggles and contributions of Black Americans throughout history and acknowledge the painful legacy of slavery that has shaped our nation. [Sources: 16, 47, 48]
National recognition serves as an educational tool, fostering awareness about this pivotal moment in American history that has often been overlooked or marginalized. It encourages reflection on our collective past while promoting dialogue about racial injustice and inequality that persist today. This observance also provides an opportunity for communal healing and unity, allowing all Americans to come together in celebration of freedom and equality. [Sources: 18, 49, 50]
Furthermore, elevating Juneteenth to a national holiday underscores our commitment to rectifying historical wrongs and moving toward a more inclusive society. It reminds us that freedom is not just an ideal but a continuous effort requiring vigilance and action from every generation. Recognizing Juneteenth nationally thus becomes an essential step in building a more equitable future for all citizens. [Sources: 3, 25, 38]
##### Sources #####
[0]: https://www.berlitz.com/blog/juneteenth-history-colors-how-to-celebrate
[1]: https://www.nps.gov/articles/juneteenth-origins.htm
[2]: https://wacohistory.org/items/show/224
[3]: https://www.upworthy.com/juneteenth-national-holiday-historical-meaning
[4]: https://www.dmns.org/visit/events-and-activities/free-days-and-free-nights/juneteenth/?DMNSHomepage&elem=EventItem&cta=EventImage
[5]: https://library.ucdavis.edu/diversity/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-resources/resources-for-understanding/juneteenth/
[6]: https://www.rochester.edu/newscenter/juneteenth-celebration-education-frederick-douglass-institute-director-524752/
[7]: https://worldfootprints.com/cultural-heritage/history/juneteenth-exploring-its-historical-significance-and-celebrating-with-purpose/
[8]: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-is-juneteenth-origin-history-name/
[9]: https://www.timeforkids.com/g34/a-juneteenth-celebration/
[10]: https://news.utoledo.edu/index.php/06_16_2022/celebrate-juneteenth-but-dont-forget-the-thirteenth
[11]: https://sites.uab.edu/humanrights/2023/06/15/juneteenth-what-it-is-and-why-we-should-celebrate-it/
[12]: https://news.stthomas.edu/the-meaning-of-juneteenth/
[13]: https://www.portal.hsp.org/unit-plan-items/unit-plan-34
[14]: https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/emancipation-proclamation
[15]: https://www.govinfo.gov/features/juneteenth-2023
[16]: https://www.routledge.com/blog/article/juneteenth-a-new-federal-holiday
[17]: https://news.ucsb.edu/2022/020665/perspectives-juneteenth
[18]: https://thegrio.com/2024/06/17/origins-juneteenth-history-celebrations/
[19]: https://www.rockpointechurch.org/why-we-celebrate-juneteenth
[20]: https://medschool.vanderbilt.edu/mstp/2024/05/31/juneteenth-and-the-brief-history-of-emancipation-celebrations/
[21]: https://www.rd.com/list/how-to-celebrate-juneteenth/
[22]: https://paproviders.org/today-is-juneteenth-lets-celebrate-the-day-and-understand-why/
[23]: https://www.stpetersburg.usf.edu/news/2023/juneteenth-complicated-history-significance-celebration-around-struggle-for-freedom.aspx
[24]: https://better.net/social-justice-civil-rights/celebrating-juneteenth-2021-the-history-why-its-important-and-how-to-get-involved-this-year/
[25]: https://drinkswithdabney.com/posts/50941/the-impact-of-juneteenth-an-all-communities-celebration
[26]: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/juneteenth-pop-cultures-role-honoring-history-inspiring-stacy-jones
[27]: https://nypost.com/2024/06/19/opinion/why-juneteenth-is-a-holiday-for-all-americans-to-celebrate/
[28]: https://unidosus.org/blog/2022/06/08/understanding-the-significance-of-juneteenth/
[29]: https://southseattleemerald.com/2024/06/19/a-history-of-juneteenth/
[30]: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/3-years-after-becoming-federal-holiday-90-of-americans-now-aware-of-juneteenth-s-significance-survey/3253200
[31]: https://www.wematchwell.com/clinicianblog/celebrating-juneteenth/
[32]: https://today.cofc.edu/2021/06/18/new-juneteenth-holiday-is-reason-to-celebrate-but-not-a-replacement-for-systemic-change/
[33]: https://corpsnetwork.org/juneteenth-understanding-the-history-and-importance-of-the-holiday/
[34]: https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/origins-juneteenth
[35]: https://www.visitphilly.com/articles/philadelphia/juneteenth-celebrations-in-greater-philadelphia/
[36]: https://sapro.moderncampus.com/blog/how-you-can-celebrate-the-vibrant-history-and-modern-day-significance-of-juneteenth
[37]: https://michiganadvance.com/2022/06/15/michigan-communities-host-juneteenth-events-celebrating-culture-education-and-activism/
[38]: https://dentallifeline.org/blog/juneteenth/
[39]: https://nebraskasynod.org/news/juneteenth-why-how-we-celebrate-it/
[40]: https://www.familysearch.org/en/blog/history-of-juneteenth-holiday
[41]: https://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research-collections/history/news/juneteenth
[42]: https://veteran.com/juneteenth/
[43]: https://www.calpoly.edu/news/ask-expert-what-juneteenth
[44]: https://lifeandletters.la.utexas.edu/2020/06/what-is-juneteenth-a-qa-with-black-studies-scholars/
[45]: https://www.ksby.com/life/holidays-and-celebrations/heres-how-people-are-celebrating-juneteenth-across-the-country
[46]: https://eventgarde.com/blog/juneteenth-what-is-it-why-is-it-important-and-in-what-ways-can-we-educate-our-members-and-participants
[47]: https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/06/commerce-honors-juneteenth
[48]: https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2024/06/18/what-is-juneteenth-federal-holiday-2024/
[49]: https://www.voanews.com/a/us-observes-juneteenth-national-holiday-/6621998.html
[50]: https://powertofly.com/up/how-to-celebrate-juneteenth-at-work
The origins of Juneteenth trace back to June 19, 1865, a pivotal day in American history. On this day, Major General Gordon Granger arrived in Galveston, Texas, and announced the end of the Civil War and the emancipation of enslaved African Americans. This proclamation came more than two years after President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation had legally freed slaves in Confederate states on January 1, 1863. [Sources: 0, 1, 2]
The delay was due to the minimal presence of Union troops in Texas to enforce the order and the resistance from slaveholders. [Sources: 3]
Juneteenth— a portmanteau of "June" and "nineteenth"— thus became a symbol of delayed justice and freedom. Initially celebrated by freed African Americans with church services, communal gatherings, food festivals, and educational events, it represented both a triumph over adversity and an enduring struggle for civil rights. [Sources: 4, 5]
Despite its significance among Black communities, Juneteenth remained relatively obscure on the national stage for many years. It wasn’t until recent decades that awareness began to grow more broadly. The momentum surged particularly in light of contemporary movements advocating for racial equality and justice. As these issues have come into sharper focus, so too has recognition of Juneteenth as a critical moment in America’s collective history—a day not only to remember but also to honor progress and commit to ongoing change. [Sources: 6, 7, 8]
The Emancipation Proclamation And Its Impact
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, was a pivotal moment in American history. It declared that all enslaved people in Confederate states were to be set free. However, its immediate impact was limited; it applied only to the Confederate states that were in rebellion and not to the border states loyal to the Union or areas of the Confederacy already under Union control. [Sources: 0, 9, 10]
Despite these limitations, the proclamation fundamentally transformed the character of the Civil War by aligning it with a moral cause—ending slavery. [Sources: 11]
The Emancipation Proclamation also had significant international implications. It discouraged European nations from recognizing or supporting the Confederacy, as many countries had already abolished slavery and public opinion strongly favored emancipation. [Sources: 12, 13]
On a practical level, the proclamation allowed for the enlistment of African American soldiers into the Union Army. By war's end, nearly 200,000 Black soldiers and sailors had fought for their freedom and contributed significantly to Union victories. [Sources: 11, 14]
While it did not immediately free all enslaved individuals—that would come with Union victories and subsequent legal measures like the Thirteenth Amendment—the Emancipation Proclamation laid crucial groundwork for future progress toward racial equality. Its issuance marked a decisive step towards ending centuries of systemic oppression and dehumanization of Black Americans. [Sources: 11, 15]
The First Juneteenth Celebrations
The first Juneteenth celebrations took place in Texas on June 19, 1866, a year after the announcement of General Order No. 3 by Union Army General Gordon Granger, which proclaimed freedom for enslaved people in Texas. These initial gatherings were community-centered, marked by joyous festivities that included barbecues, music, and prayer services. Families reunited and communities came together to reflect on the monumental shift from enslavement to freedom. [Sources: 16, 17, 18, 19]
In these early years, Juneteenth was primarily celebrated in rural areas where freed African Americans had established themselves. The day was characterized by a deep sense of reflection and gratitude for newfound freedoms amidst an atmosphere of jubilation. Participants dressed in their finest clothing as a symbol of their liberation and newfound dignity. [Sources: 20, 21, 22]
As the years progressed, Juneteenth celebrations spread beyond Texas borders through the Great Migration when African Americans moved to other parts of the United States. Despite its growing recognition within Black communities nationwide, it remained largely unacknowledged by mainstream American society for decades. [Sources: 23, 24]
The significance of Juneteenth lies not only in its historical context but also in its role as a powerful reminder of resilience and hope against a backdrop of enduring systemic inequality. Today’s broader recognition echoes those first celebrations' spirit while acknowledging the ongoing journey toward racial justice. [Sources: 25, 26]
Why Juneteenth Was Overlooked For So Long
Juneteenth, marking the emancipation of enslaved African Americans in Texas on June 19, 1865, has often been overshadowed by other historical events and systemic neglect. One significant reason for its prolonged obscurity lies in the broader narrative of American history, which has frequently marginalized Black experiences and contributions. The dominant focus on Independence Day as the quintessential celebration of freedom left little room for recognizing a day that highlighted the nation's delayed promise of liberty for all its citizens. [Sources: 5, 27, 28]
Additionally, educational curricula across the United States have historically underrepresented or entirely omitted Black history, including Juneteenth. This lack of awareness perpetuated a cycle where generations grew up unaware of this critical milestone. Media representation also played a role; until recently, mainstream media rarely covered Juneteenth celebrations or their significance. [Sources: 26, 29]
Moreover, societal reluctance to confront uncomfortable truths about slavery and racism has contributed to Juneteenth's neglect. Acknowledging this day necessitates facing the painful legacy of slavery and its enduring impact on American society—a task many found easier to avoid. [Sources: 30, 31]
Only through persistent advocacy from Black communities and heightened awareness brought by recent social justice movements has Juneteenth begun to receive the recognition it deserves as a pivotal moment in American history. [Sources: 32]
The Modern Resurgence Of Juneteenth
The modern resurgence of Juneteenth can be attributed to a growing recognition of its historical significance and an increased awareness of racial injustice in the United States. This renewed interest gained momentum during the Black Lives Matter movement, which brought systemic racism and inequality to the forefront of national consciousness. The tragic deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and many others sparked widespread protests and urgent calls for social reform. [Sources: 15, 33, 34]
Amid this climate, Juneteenth emerged as a poignant symbol of freedom, resilience, and the ongoing struggle for equality. [Sources: 18]
Moreover, educational efforts have played a crucial role in revitalizing Juneteenth celebrations. Schools, media outlets, and social platforms have amplified stories about the holiday's origins and its importance in African American history. These initiatives have helped bridge gaps in public knowledge, prompting more people to acknowledge and celebrate Juneteenth. [Sources: 7, 35, 36]
Legislative actions also contributed to its resurgence. In June 2021, President Joe Biden signed a bill making Juneteenth a federal holiday. This official recognition not only validated the historical importance of June 19th but also encouraged broader participation across diverse communities. [Sources: 37, 38]
Ultimately, the modern resurgence of Juneteenth reflects a collective effort to honor African American heritage while striving for an inclusive future where freedom truly encompasses all citizens. [Sources: 5]
How We Celebrate Juneteenth Today
Juneteenth, celebrated annually on June 19th, has evolved from a day of informal community gatherings to a nationally recognized holiday. Today, the ways in which people celebrate Juneteenth are as varied and vibrant as the communities that honor it. In many cities and towns across the United States, parades and festivals are common, featuring local artists, musicians, and speakers who use their platforms to educate and inspire attendees about African American history and culture. [Sources: 39, 40, 41]
Public readings of the Emancipation Proclamation or works by prominent African American authors often take center stage at these events. These readings serve not only as a reminder of the historical significance of Juneteenth but also as a means to spark dialogue about ongoing issues related to racial equality. [Sources: 7, 42]
Family reunions are another cornerstone of modern Juneteenth celebrations. These gatherings typically include barbecues, picnics, and other communal meals where traditional Southern foods are shared. The act of coming together over food reflects both cultural heritage and the importance of family bonds. [Sources: 43, 44, 45]
Educational workshops and panel discussions have also become integral to contemporary observances. These sessions aim to inform participants about both historical context and current social justice initiatives. By combining celebration with education, Juneteenth serves as both a joyous occasion and a call to action for continued progress in racial equality. [Sources: 40, 46]
The Importance Of Recognizing Juneteenth Nationally
Recognizing Juneteenth on a national scale is more than just an acknowledgment of a historical event; it is a profound affirmation of the African American experience and resilience. Juneteenth, which commemorates the emancipation of the last enslaved African Americans in Galveston, Texas, on June 19, 1865, symbolizes freedom and justice deferred but ultimately achieved. By recognizing Juneteenth nationally, we honor the struggles and contributions of Black Americans throughout history and acknowledge the painful legacy of slavery that has shaped our nation. [Sources: 16, 47, 48]
National recognition serves as an educational tool, fostering awareness about this pivotal moment in American history that has often been overlooked or marginalized. It encourages reflection on our collective past while promoting dialogue about racial injustice and inequality that persist today. This observance also provides an opportunity for communal healing and unity, allowing all Americans to come together in celebration of freedom and equality. [Sources: 18, 49, 50]
Furthermore, elevating Juneteenth to a national holiday underscores our commitment to rectifying historical wrongs and moving toward a more inclusive society. It reminds us that freedom is not just an ideal but a continuous effort requiring vigilance and action from every generation. Recognizing Juneteenth nationally thus becomes an essential step in building a more equitable future for all citizens. [Sources: 3, 25, 38]
##### Sources #####
[0]: https://www.berlitz.com/blog/juneteenth-history-colors-how-to-celebrate
[1]: https://www.nps.gov/articles/juneteenth-origins.htm
[2]: https://wacohistory.org/items/show/224
[3]: https://www.upworthy.com/juneteenth-national-holiday-historical-meaning
[4]: https://www.dmns.org/visit/events-and-activities/free-days-and-free-nights/juneteenth/?DMNSHomepage&elem=EventItem&cta=EventImage
[5]: https://library.ucdavis.edu/diversity/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-resources/resources-for-understanding/juneteenth/
[6]: https://www.rochester.edu/newscenter/juneteenth-celebration-education-frederick-douglass-institute-director-524752/
[7]: https://worldfootprints.com/cultural-heritage/history/juneteenth-exploring-its-historical-significance-and-celebrating-with-purpose/
[8]: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-is-juneteenth-origin-history-name/
[9]: https://www.timeforkids.com/g34/a-juneteenth-celebration/
[10]: https://news.utoledo.edu/index.php/06_16_2022/celebrate-juneteenth-but-dont-forget-the-thirteenth
[11]: https://sites.uab.edu/humanrights/2023/06/15/juneteenth-what-it-is-and-why-we-should-celebrate-it/
[12]: https://news.stthomas.edu/the-meaning-of-juneteenth/
[13]: https://www.portal.hsp.org/unit-plan-items/unit-plan-34
[14]: https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/emancipation-proclamation
[15]: https://www.govinfo.gov/features/juneteenth-2023
[16]: https://www.routledge.com/blog/article/juneteenth-a-new-federal-holiday
[17]: https://news.ucsb.edu/2022/020665/perspectives-juneteenth
[18]: https://thegrio.com/2024/06/17/origins-juneteenth-history-celebrations/
[19]: https://www.rockpointechurch.org/why-we-celebrate-juneteenth
[20]: https://medschool.vanderbilt.edu/mstp/2024/05/31/juneteenth-and-the-brief-history-of-emancipation-celebrations/
[21]: https://www.rd.com/list/how-to-celebrate-juneteenth/
[22]: https://paproviders.org/today-is-juneteenth-lets-celebrate-the-day-and-understand-why/
[23]: https://www.stpetersburg.usf.edu/news/2023/juneteenth-complicated-history-significance-celebration-around-struggle-for-freedom.aspx
[24]: https://better.net/social-justice-civil-rights/celebrating-juneteenth-2021-the-history-why-its-important-and-how-to-get-involved-this-year/
[25]: https://drinkswithdabney.com/posts/50941/the-impact-of-juneteenth-an-all-communities-celebration
[26]: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/juneteenth-pop-cultures-role-honoring-history-inspiring-stacy-jones
[27]: https://nypost.com/2024/06/19/opinion/why-juneteenth-is-a-holiday-for-all-americans-to-celebrate/
[28]: https://unidosus.org/blog/2022/06/08/understanding-the-significance-of-juneteenth/
[29]: https://southseattleemerald.com/2024/06/19/a-history-of-juneteenth/
[30]: https://www.aa.com.tr/en/americas/3-years-after-becoming-federal-holiday-90-of-americans-now-aware-of-juneteenth-s-significance-survey/3253200
[31]: https://www.wematchwell.com/clinicianblog/celebrating-juneteenth/
[32]: https://today.cofc.edu/2021/06/18/new-juneteenth-holiday-is-reason-to-celebrate-but-not-a-replacement-for-systemic-change/
[33]: https://corpsnetwork.org/juneteenth-understanding-the-history-and-importance-of-the-holiday/
[34]: https://morningstaronline.co.uk/article/origins-juneteenth
[35]: https://www.visitphilly.com/articles/philadelphia/juneteenth-celebrations-in-greater-philadelphia/
[36]: https://sapro.moderncampus.com/blog/how-you-can-celebrate-the-vibrant-history-and-modern-day-significance-of-juneteenth
[37]: https://michiganadvance.com/2022/06/15/michigan-communities-host-juneteenth-events-celebrating-culture-education-and-activism/
[38]: https://dentallifeline.org/blog/juneteenth/
[39]: https://nebraskasynod.org/news/juneteenth-why-how-we-celebrate-it/
[40]: https://www.familysearch.org/en/blog/history-of-juneteenth-holiday
[41]: https://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research-collections/history/news/juneteenth
[42]: https://veteran.com/juneteenth/
[43]: https://www.calpoly.edu/news/ask-expert-what-juneteenth
[44]: https://lifeandletters.la.utexas.edu/2020/06/what-is-juneteenth-a-qa-with-black-studies-scholars/
[45]: https://www.ksby.com/life/holidays-and-celebrations/heres-how-people-are-celebrating-juneteenth-across-the-country
[46]: https://eventgarde.com/blog/juneteenth-what-is-it-why-is-it-important-and-in-what-ways-can-we-educate-our-members-and-participants
[47]: https://www.commerce.gov/news/blog/2024/06/commerce-honors-juneteenth
[48]: https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2024/06/18/what-is-juneteenth-federal-holiday-2024/
[49]: https://www.voanews.com/a/us-observes-juneteenth-national-holiday-/6621998.html
[50]: https://powertofly.com/up/how-to-celebrate-juneteenth-at-work
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